Women Make Their Mark on South American Politics

Their triumphs were the result of a process of political participation by women that is much broader than the simple enforcement of quota laws, introduced in several Latin American countries over the last 20 years to enable women’s access to publicly elected posts.

Argentina was a global pioneer in adopting a quota law, and ranks second after Costa Rica among Latin American countries for having the highest percentage of women in parliament: 38.5 percent in the lower chamber and 35 percent in the senate.

But affirmative action does not explain the ascent of Bachelet in Chile, where there is no quota law and the present percentage of women in parliament is low: 14 percent in the lower chamber and 13 percent in the senate.

And quotas have failed dismally in Brazil, where women have 8.8 percent of the seats in the lower chamber and 12.3 percent in the senate, and the situation is even worse at the level of state governors and mayors.

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